Internal combustion exhaust reaction engine



Dec. 19, 1961 J- N. PRES-TON INTERNAL COMBUSTION EXHAUST REACTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 14, 1959 l/l l United States"v Patent Ofiice 3,013,387 Patented Dec. 19, 1961 3,013,387 INTERNAL COMBUSTIGN EXHAUST REACTION ENGINE James N. Preston, 1633 W. Campbell, Phoenix 15, Ariz. Filed Dec. 14, 1959, Ser. No. 859,490 2 Claims. (Cl. 60-39.35)

This invention is an internal combustion engine that burns any volatile fuel. It is built of steel or its equivalent. Its primary purpose is to produce torque and its secondary purpose is to produce thrust. compressor as does a gas turbine but it is unique in that it has neither an air intake turbine nor an exhaust turbine. The same blades affixed to a single circular disc, rotating around a single axis within a close-fitting stationary housing, function as air compressor, combustion chamber, and torque conductor to produce torque and thrust with an investment of less weight, fewer and less expensive parts, and with a higher degree of eiflciency than a gas turbine. This is accomplished as follows:

FIGURE 1 shows the left side view of the engine with part of the stationary housing and fuel pipe cut away.

. FIGURE 2 shows the adjacent end view of FIGURE 1' revolved 90 degrees to its right on a vertical axis with part of the stationary housing and fuel pipe cut away.

Referring in more detail to the drawing, 2 generally indicates a stationary shell or housing. Two fuel pipes 11 are aflixed to the housing 2, each opening into the region of a combustion chamber through each fuel intake port 12. A number of equally spaced air compressor blades 4 are aflixed perpendicular to each face of a circular center disc 3 that is affixed perpendicular to, and rotating on, an axis 6 within the stationary housing 2; each blade 4 being flush with the outer perimeter of the center disc, extending perpendicular from each face of the center disc 3 for an equal distance and extending on a radial line toward the axis 6 for a distance. Affixed to the axis-toward edge of each air compressor blade 4 on each face of the center disc 3, is an air deflector blade 5 which is affixed to each face of the center disc 3 and extending perpendicular from each face of the center disc 3 for the same distance as each air compressor blade 4. Each air deflector blade 5, on each face of the center disc 3, extends clockwise 9 in the direction of rotation of the center disc 3 and slightly toward the axis 6 of the center disc 3 to a point on the radial line of the next adjacent air compressor blade 4, being slightly nearer to the axis 6 than the axis-toward edge of the air compressor blade 4, leaving the air intake port 7b. This assembly forms on each face of the center disc 3 a number of 4-sided chambers, each bounded by the center disc 3 and each two adjacent air compressor blades 4 with aflixed air deflector blade 5 with an air intake port 7b at the leading, clockwise 9, edge of each air deflector blade 5. At a radial distance from, and nearly parallel to, each air deflector blade 5, nearer to the axis 6 of the center disc 3, is aflixed to each face of the center disc 3, an inner air deflector blade 5a extending perpendicular from each face of the center disc 3 for the same distance as each blade 5 and its clockwise and counter-clockwise ends intersect the same radii from the axis 6 as does the corresponding blade 5. The leading edge of each blade 5a, in the direction of rotation, clockwise 9, is closer to the axis 6 than the trailing edge to deflect air out from the axis 6 toward the perimeter of the center disc 3. The center disc 3 and assembly rotates clockwise 9 on its axis 6 Within a close-fitting stationary housing 2 which is air tight except for the air intake ports 7, the deflection air intake ports 7a, and the exhaust port 1 on the perimeter enclosing wall 2, which open into the inside of the stationary housing 2.

It has an air Affixed perpendicuplar to each inner face of the stationary housing 2 is a number of equally spaced stationary air deflector blades 8a, each extending for a distance on a radial line toward the axis 6, extending perpendicular from each inner face of the stationary housing 2 to a line near each face of the center disc 3 and arranged in a circle around the axis 6 with a radius equal to the radius of the vacant circular area between the air deflector blades 5 and 5a so that the stationary air deflector blades 8a occupy the area of said vacant circular area, leaving a small clearance on each edge of each blade 8a in order to allow the center disc 3 with aflixed blades 5 and 5a to rotate freely within the stationary housing 2.

A number of stationary inner air deflector blades 8b similar to blades 8a are affixed to each inner face of the stationary housing 2 in a similar manner as blades 8a occupying the arc length enclosed between the radii from the axis 6 to the clockwise edge, and to the counterclockwise edge, of the junction of the exhaust pipe 2a aflixed to the stationary housing 2; said blades 8b being aflixed with a radius from the axis 6 that is slightly less than the radius of the inner air deflector blades 5a, with enough clearance on the edge of each blade 8b to allow the centerdi-sc 3 and assembly to rotate freely within the stationary housing 2.

The deflection air intake port 7a is a narrow slot cut through each face of the stationary housing 2 and intersects the same are radii from the axis 6 to the exhaust pipe 211 clockwise and counterclockwise juncture as does the inner stationary air deflector blades 8b; said air intake port 7a is on a radius that is slightly less than the radius of the inner stationary air deflector blades 81), designed for the purpose of admitting air to crowd the combustion chamber to its useful boundaries. Around the axistoward edge, and on each end, of each deflection air intake port 7a, is aflixed a steel plate 10 extending perpendicular from each inner face of the stationary housing 2 to a line near each face of the center disc 3 to fend excessive air out of the interior of the stationary housing 2 to prevent excessive air friction.

A number of overlapping air intake vanes 8 are radially aflixed at each end to the stationary housing 2 within the stationary air intake ports 7 cut through each face of the stationary housing 2 for a distance along an arc with a radius from the axis 6 equal to that of the perimeter of the center disc 3 and cut out in a radial direction toward the axis 6 for a distance equal to the radial length of an air compressor blade 4. The counter-clockwise edge of each air intake vane 8 is out a distance away from the stationary housing 2 to limit the stationary air intake port 7 and its clockwise edge. is flush with the stationary housing 2. Each stationary air intake port 7 on each face of the stationary housing 2 is limited to a number of narrow slots 7 by the radially aflixed, overlapping air intake vanes 8. Each stationary air intake port 7 is thus a narrow slot between each two adjacent air intake vanes 8, opening in the direction opposite to the direction in which the center disc 3 and assembly rotates 9 to allow air to enter inside the stationary air intake ports 7 and stationary housing 2 in a clockwise 9 direction. Each air intake vane 8 allows air to enter inside the stationary housing 2 at 7 and prevents the intake air from escaping from the air compression chamber which is the area bounded by the stationary air intake ports 7, the air intake vanes 8, the stationary housing 2, the rotating center disc 3, and any two adjacent air compressor blades 4 with affixed air deflector blade 5 with air intake port 712 that rotate to a position opening into a stationary air intake port 7. The air compression chamber is located on the counter-clockwise side of the combustion chamber so that the air compressor blades 4 rotating clockwise 9 around the axis 6 force compressed air into the clockwise adjacent combustion chamber.

The center disc 3 and aflixed air compressor blades 4 rotate clockwise 9 past the stationary air intake ports 7 to compress the intake air and rotate the compressed air clockwise 9 past the two fuel intake pipes 11, one on each side of the center disc 3, each pipe 11 affixed to the stationary housing 2 with the axis-toward side opening into the inside of the stationary housing 2 with a number of air deflector vanes 13 affixed within the fuel pipe 11 in such a way as to prevent fuel from entering into the inside of the stationary housing 2 prematurely. Said vanes 13 allow compressed air to enter the fuel pipe 11 in a clockwise 9 direction to force the fuel from the fuel pipe 11 clockwise 9 through each fuel port 12 into the combustion chamber which faces the exhaust port 1. The compressed air and the fuel-rich air are rotated clockwise 9 into the combustion chamber where they mix and ignite. Each combustion chamber is the area bounded by the exhaust port 1, the exhaust pipe 2a, the stationary housing 2, the center disc 3, and any two adjacent air compressor blades 4 with afiixed air deflector blade 5 with air intake port 7b which rotate to a position facing the exhaust port 1. The rotating and stationary air deflector blades 5, 5a, 8a, and 8b force a radially slower moving but high pressure wall of air against the axis-toward side of the combustion chamber to limit the combustion chamher to its useful boundaries. The exhaust pipe 2:: is afflxed around the perimeter of the exhaust port 1 and to the stationary housing 2 at an angle that is tangent to the outer perimeter of the stationary housing 2 at its clockwise 9 juncture, piping the exhaust port gases in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the center disc 3 and assembly so that the reaction pressure of the ignited and expanding gases escaping from within the combustion chamber at the exhaust port 1 push the air compressor blades 4 clockwise 9 to perpetuate and accelerate the cycle to produce torque and thrust.

What is claimed is:

1. A plurality of equally-spaced air compressor blades radially atfixed to each face of a center disc arranged in a ring adjacent to the periphery of said disc with each said blade being flush with the periphery of said disc; a number of concentric rings of air deflector blades afiixed to each face of said center disc located on radii between that of the ring of air compressor blades and the axis; each outermost ring adjoining the axis-toward side of each ring of air compressor blades; each ring of air deflector blades being composed of a number of equallyspaced, overlapping blades that extend from each face of the center disc for the same distance as do the air compressor blades and angled in such a way as to force air outward from the axis when the center disc is rotated on its axis in a clockwise direction; the afore-described assembly being mounted within a close-fitting stationary housing which includes a perimeter-enclosing wall or cylinder and its end walls; said stationary housing being provided with a deflection air intake port near the axis of each end wall, an exhaust port cut through the perimeter-enclosing wall, and an air intake port cut through, near the perimeter of, each end wall on the counterclockwise side of the exhaust port; each said air intake port being provided with a number of radially-atfixed overlapping vanes which are each angled within said air intake port in such a way as to allow air to enter said air intake port only in the clockwise direction; a ring of radially-affixed stationary air deflector blades being affixed to the inner face of each end wall of the stationary housing and extending inward between, and closely parallel adjacent to, each two adjacent concentric rings of air deflector blades to a line closely parallel adjacent to the center disc; an air compression chamber being contained by the perimeter-enclosing wall and the end walls of the stationary housing, the center disc, the rotating and stationary air deflector blades, the air intake ports, the air deflector vanes within each air intake port, and any two adjacent air compressor vanes rotating within the stationary housing; an exhaust pipe affixed to the perimeter-enclosing wall of the stationary housing around the perimeter of the exhaust port and extending in a counter-clockwise tangent direction with its outer wall substantially tangent tothe periphery of the center disc and assembly; a combustion chamber being contained by the end walls and perimeter-enclosing wall of the stationary housing; the exhaust port, the exhaust pipe, the center disc, the stationary and rotating air deflector blades, and adjacent faces of any two adjacent air compressor blades in the vicinity of the exhaust port; fuel being pumped into the combustion chamber on the counterclockwise side of the exhaust port; air being forced into the combustion chamber by the clockwise rotation of the air compressor blades from the air intake ports and being compressed further in the vicinity of the combustion chamber by the radially-moving high-pressure air from the rotating and stationary air deflector blades; the reaction pressure of the ignited and expanding gases escaping from within the combustion chamber at the exhaust port push the air compressor blades and center disc clockwise to perpetuate and accelerate the cycle to produce torque and thrust.

2. A reaction engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the combustion chamber is located within the air compression chamber and contained in a volume adjoining the exhaust port by the adjacent air compressor blades which act as walls of the combustion chamber and conductors of reaction torque to the center disc and axle when the ignited and expanding gases within said combustion chamber escape in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said air compressor blades and center disc.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,532,831 Breese Dec. 5, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 791,917 Great Britain Mar. 12, 1958 

